Chile is a country known for its biodiversity, but among its flora, there are species that can be a risk to human and animal health. Some of these plants, although ornamental or wild, contain highly toxic that turn them into real hidden dangers. Here we explore five of the most dangerous.
1. Belladonna
Belladonna, native to Europe and Asia, has found a home in central Chile. Although its black berries appear harmless, they contain alkaloids such as atropine and scopolamine, which can cause hallucinations, tachycardia, and even coma. This plantwhich in the past was used as a cosmetic to dilate pupils, is a risk to children and animals due to its deceptive appearance.
2. Floripondio
The floripondio, common in Chilean gardens, is not only a plant ornamental. It contains substances such as scopolamine, known for their neurotoxic effects. Although it can be used in medicine under strict supervision, accidental ingestion can lead to severe hallucinations, paralysis and even death. This shrub has also been linked to criminal incidents due to its ability to induce states of extreme suggestibility.
3. Hemlock
Famous for being the poison that killed Socrates, hemlock grows in humid soils and roadsides from Coquimbo to Los Lagos. Often confused with parsley, this plant contains coniine, an alkaloid that affects the central nervous system. Its ingestion, even in small quantities, can cause vomiting, muscle weakness and respiratory paralysis, making it a constant danger for those who are unaware of its characteristics.
4. Oleander
The oleander is a common shrub in gardens and public spaces in Chile, but each part of this plant is toxic. Its cardiac glycosides, such as oleandrin, can cause arrhythmias and cardiac arrest. Its toxicity persists even after drying, and contact with its sap can irritate the skin. Children and pets are usually the main victims of this seemingly harmless plant.
5. Foxglove
The foxglove, with its vibrant, tubular flowers, is a plant ornamental that grows in southern Chile. It contains cardiac glycosides such as digitoxin, which can seriously alter heart rhythm and cause death in inappropriate doses. Although it has medical applications in cardiology, its handling should only be done under professional supervision due to its danger.
