“I do not see the initiative badly, (…) rather it is how they will carry it out, the reform itself could work, the issue is how you want to execute it and what resources they will put; the second element It is how much we are always thinking in terms of security from federal, forgetting everything else (local), “says Francisco Rivas, general director of the National Citizen Security Observatory.
On Thursday, February 13, the Chamber of Deputies received two initiatives from President Claudia Sheinbaum in security matters, with which he seeks an “institutional engineering” to the entire police system in the country and creating tools to advance in a “police officer“ police guided by intelligence. ”
The first initiative issues a new General Law of the National Public Security System And the second is a new Law of the National System of Research and Intelligence in Public Security matters (SNIIMSP), which proposes to create that large database with police, prison, prosecutors, all national, state and municipal level for the fight against crime.
With both proposals, it seeks to strengthen the powers of the Ministry of Security and Citizen Protection, which heads Omar García Harfuch.
“They seem adequate (proposals), they are measures that for 25 years have begun to be incorporated into the security system under the premise of using computer systems and intelligence. The premise is correct, at this time it is even more necessary, (. ..) However, very care must be taken (given the disappearance of the INAI) to ensure the integrity of the information, “said Carlos Mendoza, research professor at the Ortega and Gasset Institute.
First National Police Registry
The General Law initiative of the National Public Security System, of 131 articles, proposes to integrate a single national registry of police at the federal, state, municipal and private security level, with standardized requirements for recruitment, training and trust control.
All will be attacked to a professional career service and, therefore, the members They may be changed as an ascription based on the needs of the service.
What requirements will the new police have?
The fulfillment of age requirements, physical, medical and personality requirements is proposed; Absence of alcoholism, use of psychotropic, narcotic or other substances in addition to the absence of links with criminal organizations; “Notorious good behavior”, not being suspended or disabled, or having been dismissed.
All these conditions must also be established at the state and municipal level, for homologation throughout the country.
In addition, a New National Policy in Accreditation and Certification for all Public Security Institutions of the three orders of government and individual personnel certification.
This national policy will be applicable to public servants in police, ministerial, expert and penitentiary institutions, that is, it includes from agents, public ministries and experts to custodians.
The new National Information System (SNI)
In the security initiative it is requested to create that new system that seeks to concentrate all databases of:
- National Armament and Equipment Registry
- Of arrests
- Of criminal incidence
- Of penitentiary information
- Security
- Of public security personnel
- Of measures or orders for the protection of women, adolescents, girls and boys
- Of vehicles, stolen and recovered
- Of precautionary measures
It will include personnel information and private security services, armament and equipment, vehicles, fingerprints, cell phones, sentenced people and others.
This SNI will concentrate data that mandatory They must deliver public security institutions, justice procurement, the prison system and control command centers and will be interconnected to the intelligence system which the president proposes in a second law initiative, which will be real -time information and for the purpose of generating intelligence products.
Will be administered in its entirety by the Executive Secretariat of the National Public Security System and will be classified as information reserved all the one contained in those databases.
This initiative proposes to create a digital mobile phone users (PDUTM) user platform, under the responsibility of the Digital Transformation Agency and Telecommunications for the Registration of Alta of all cell phone users, database that will be part of the National System of the National System of Information, interconnected in turn with the National Research and Intelligence System, whose creation is requested in a second initiative.
Public, police or justice and prison security institutions will have access to the information contained in the records and databases of the National Information System.
‘You have to start with the budget’
In an interview, Francisco Rivas emphasizes that two of the priorities for the eventual approval of these initiatives is to provide the new systems of sufficient resources to apply and take advantage of them, as well as define concrete objectives together with local authorities.
“It seems to me that when you start having so many reforms and giving so much power to an institution and not necessarily fulfill That on Platform Mexico should be all that information, so it is not a novelty, “says Rivas.
“I don’t say that it is positive or negative; may not run, it stopped executing or there were deficiencies, the issue is how you are going to do it, who will carry it out, who is going to access that information. I do not I see neither evil, it seems to me that the relevant issues are others and again, with what you have to start is with a budget. “
Rivas criticizes that, “in the Mexican style”, it seems that the reform will first be done and then the government will find out how to make it work.
Yes it could work as it could have worked in the past, the issue is that you have to put resources, like all security and justice institutions, if not, the information will be left alone in the federal, that flow of information (. ..) It will not be enough, it will not serve much. ”
Francisco Rivas, director of OCC of Security and Justice.
Sanctions to reveal or falsify information
Penalties of four years in prison and 100 to 600 units of measurement and update to whom “ equal term.
From two to eight years in prison, and from 500 to 1000 UMAS, it will be the sanction to those who maliciously enter the SNI without having the right or having it, “Enter erroneous information that damages or intends to damage in any way, the information, databases, databases , equipment or systems ”.
To whom he illicitly disseminates classified information; Who enters unbelievable persons, who assigns appointment of police, public ministry or expert to an unbelievable person will also be imposed.
The penalty will increase one more half if the person in charge is a public servant person, in addition to disqualification. To whom the certificate falsifies it, altere or marketing will be sanctioned with five to 12 years in prison and from 200 to 800 umas.
In the event that the person in charge of the National Guard is established that it will remain to the military jurisdiction.
Coordination of institutions
The new law initiative repeals the Security Law in force since 2009, but maintains the organization and coordination mechanisms between the bodies in which all authorities related to security in the three levels of government are grouped.
The National Conference on Procuration of Justice, which brings together prosecutors and attorneys of the country; the National Penitentiary System Conference, in which the prison authorities are grouped; The National Municipal Public Security Conference, which brings together police authorities of the Town Halls, will be coordinated by the SNSP Executive Secretariat and the head of the SSPC.
Changes in prisons are proposed
In the case of the National Conference of the Penitentiary System, it is proposed to promote the approval of security systems and procedures, in addition to social reintegration measures.
It will issue guidelines so that the Federation and entities acquire and operate in a mandatory way blocking equipment of cell phone signals, radiocommunication, voice transmission, data and image in the perimeter of social reintegration centers, prisons or internment centers for Adolescents in conflict with the law, federal, state.
These teams will be operated by authorities other than those of penitentiary establishments in remote centers.
‘The bet is to cross information’
The security consultant and researcher, Carlos Mendoza, considers that the SSPC bet is of intelligence
“The bet is to incorporate the databases of other institutions that allow crossing information, for example, of a tax, fiscal nature, that is where the thinner thread has been and that has to be strengthened, because one of The purposes of the criminal groups is to have control and power, but they go for money, “he says.
“Then, if you do not have an adequate crossing with the registers of financial and patrimonial information, all the information will not serve any because it is going to react to the criminal acts and those spaces will not be addressed where risks, vulnerabilities are to be located, vulnerabilities, vulnerabilities, vulnerabilities, vulnerabilities, vulnerabilities, vulnerabilities, Red foci where investigations could be directed. “
Mendoza agrees that any public objective or policy without a budget can be left in “good wishes.”
“Without resources, even the basic databases could even run, if there is no financing, if there is no correct administration of the resources, two things can happen: that these objectives do not materialize or that are perverted. If the proposal is seriously Linked to this financial accompaniment, “he adds.
