How do you see Peru between the elections in the United States and APEC?
With the new election of the Lord trumpwe enter a new era. The times when there was an orthodoxy in the free market are beginning to be reviewed. Although the results have been good, there is still much left to do. In Peru we have created a middle class in the last 30 years that did not exist. In 1990 shopping centers did not exist. That’s middle class. When I was in Singapore in 1995, all those who enjoyed shopping malls were locals. I dreamed that my country was like this. We have made progress in macroeconomics, also due to the orthodox persistence of the Central Reserve Bank. But the street is a result of the fact that microeconomics has not been addressed. Microeconomics means creating jobs. And if you have to give incentives, then you have to give them, because that is what is happening in the world. Those who believe that giving incentives is being half protectionist are wrong. Today protectionism in Peru occurs in sectors where they do not allow competition to enter. The Financial Times, Michael Porter, everyone says it. In Peru there is a lack of competition in certain sectors so that the population can enjoy the Constitution of ’93. There is a lack of more competition in medicines. It cannot be that medicine prices are more expensive than in Europe or the United States. It doesn’t make sense. There is a lack of competition in the microcredit sector. We have to face it because it affects the population. For me, and the proof is Trump, job creation comes first and, of course, security. Unemployment creates the unrest that we now have in the streets, exacerbated by immigration. A new stage is coming. The objective has to be how to create more jobs for Peruvians. We have to address the issue of microeconomics.
What is the role of the Government in this context?
There is a lack of experience in ministers. We have a lack; There are ministers who are not giving results. We always meet at SNI. And before traveling we made an agreement with the Minister of the Interior, and to this day he has not fulfilled it. To run a country, you need 2,000 or 2,500 officials to do what a candidate promises. That has not been the reality. We have a Government without a majority in Congress. That’s not normal. And there come the problems. So, when the Minister of Economy talks about reducing the fiscal deficit from 4 to 2.8 and is not going to comply, we have a problem. He has to face the issue realistically. There are problems in the fiscal deficit created in the financial sector, in restaurants, in casinos… But he has only taken the drawback and that is wrong. If your mission is to reduce the fiscal deficit, it must be addressed in all sectors.
Does the new Government of trump Could trade relations with Peru change?
Peru is not a large exporter that can affect the United States. And in the first Government there was nothing of that. Of course now we have Chancay. But having industrial development in Chancay because, gentlemen, if there is no industrial development in ChancayI don’t know what we do for APEC. And that requires what is being debated: putting zero income tax for 5 years and from then on it will be raised. Just as China and Vietnam grew. And let’s not just talk about China but about Indonesia, Singapore, Malaysia and those countries with which we need to have a future in the next ten years. It is what God has given us: to be the center of Latin America. We must take advantage of it.
We have just signed one with Hong Kong and FTAs with Indonesia and India are coming.
That’s why. There are people who say: “How are they going to give that incentive to Chancay?” But we are thinking about the next ten years. Nobody knows how the world will change. The United States is going to protect its products and encourage their employment. Chancay is going to have train investments. That’s why a delegation came, to see the double taxation with China. The railway infrastructure is going to give us a lot of jobs. In the last 24 years, Peru has not built infrastructure in the mountains and jungle, only on the coast. A serious mistake.
There is also a lack of access infrastructure to Chancay and to the new airport.
Exact. But, when the Chinese see that the free zone works, they will also invest. They will want their products to enter Latin America and other countries will also want to invest in Peru. I also belong to the SNCI (National Society of Construction and Infrastructure) and I see that the majority of companies are foreign. We have run out of large construction companies. The Construction Club and Odebrecht have destroyed us. When I go there I feel strange, because there are from all countries. We have to think like this: APEC it’s going to work, Chancay It’s going to work. There are political problems all over the world; It’s not just us who have serious problems.
Is Shenzhen the model for Chancay?
I have traveled to China many times. Shenzhen was a port like Chancay is now. In twenty years it has become a supercity. We have to be optimistic. What has happened to us must be taken advantage of. When the administration ended in 2000, we began to see the airport. It has taken 20 years to finish. That can’t be. Look how long the Chinese have delayed at the port. We have to be clear about where we want to go. What bothers me most when I travel is that we have the ability to make everyone middle class. There are countries that do not have it and yet are middle class. Here we have resources that will be valid in 20 years. It’s not just copper. We can provide health and education services.
“PERU IS NOT GOING TO GO TO THE RIGHT”
Can you transform the country from Modern Peru?
It is our country, we pay taxes and we have the right and obligation to demonstrate. I am in Modern Peru. In the next few weeks we are seeing who can lead. There’s going to be a good surprise there. No small party is going to emerge without well-known figures.
Carlos Anderson, Rómulo Mucho or you?
Yes, I am going to support. We have gained some experience. We should not trust that the world is going to the right. Our electorate is not the same. I aspire for the right to win, and I say it without any problem. I was right-wing all my life. But Peru is not going to go to the right. We have to reach the middle class so that they tell the interior what we have experienced with Castillo. It was a debacle, madness. You couldn’t work. I support stability, which is different from supporting the Government.
What happened to Carlos Añaños?
I spoke with him to work on this match. Wilson Aragón is a very honest person. Nobody has asked him for money for anything. Nothing is bought or sold here. But building a party is more than that. There were disagreements between them and they could not agree.
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