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During the Vde Joe Biden government, the border patrol captured or prosecuted about 8 million migrants; A third, approximately 2.5 million, were of Mexican origin, and the others from other countries. Which means that approximately 5.5 million migrants passed through Mexico and crossed the border, and another million more reached Mexico to process a legal entrance route through the CBP1 program.
The so -called effect, which caused the massive arrival of migrants during that period, is explained by several factors. First, the arrival of Biden to the Presidency, in 2021, but, above all, the defeat of the Trump antinmigrant project; Second, the opening of borders coincides after the pandemic; Thirdly, the perception, globally, that the Biden government would be more tolerant; fourth, diffusion and knowledge for migrants and traffickers, that it was enough to cross the border to surrender to the migrate and request asylum and, finally, the threat and possibility that Trump returned to power and closed the door; This last factor explains why, in December 2024, 301 thousand migrants crossed the border in just one month, something like now or never.
Indeed, Trump’s arrival at the White House and his executive order to close the border was fully fulfilled by the military presence on the border and for the support of the National Guard in Mexico, but, above all, for the fear of retaliation and the threat of being imprisoned, deported or expelled, without any consideration, or possibility of claiming certain fundamental rights.
We can verify statistically, with Mexican figures, how we pass from the effect called to the bolt effect. In 2004, a decade ago, the Migration Policy Unit (UPM) reported having prosecuted 125 thousand migrants from the American continent; 10 years later, in 2024, to 1,106 million, and in 6 months from 2005, at only 111 thousand.
If we see the data of migrants from Africa, registered by the UPM, a similar panorama is perceived. In 2014, practically African migration could be considered as initial, with a total balance of 785 cases, but in 2024 he made a very important leap and reached 58 thousand 764 migrants, and then abruptly lower to 6,789 cases in 2025. Asia’s data are similar, of a thousand migrants recorded in 2014 to 67 thousand in 2024 already 6 thousand in 2025 year, they stay in Mexico.
Actually, the bolt effect began from the first day of the presidential campaign of Donald Trump. The list of epithets, insults and qualifiers to migrants is not only long, it is denigratory, it encourages hatred and fear. In the National Chain, he repeated the bulus that the Haitians of Springfield, Ohio, ate pets, the cats and the dogs. It refers to migrants as animals and does not make distinctions; All those who do not have documents in order are criminals.
We can say that, in 2024, Mexico had become a transit country for all of Latin America, Asia and Africa. The effect called, in all its complexity, attracted tens of thousands of migrants around the world. In a few years, information and traffic networks were formed to send migrants from some African countries. This is the case of Mauritania, which in 2014 had no records in the UPM, in 2024 9 thousand 126 migrants were apprehended and so far from 2025 664 were apprehended. In the cases of Senegal, Angola and Guinea, the data reflect a similar process.
Although Latin American migrants were the main protagonists of this process, others that come from distant continents, which are novel and worrying in terms of governance, were launched. In these years, Central American migration went to the background and a third the Mexican.
It was the Darién plug, in Panama, the main protagonist of the migratory traffic, for the number of lives that the jungle swallowed, for the presence of numerous traffickers and for the rapid response and unusual growth of the migration industry, which came to mobilize hundreds of thousands of migrants and today is paralyzed. Paradoxically, at present, it serves the few migrants who go reverse.
Trump’s example has a history in dictatorial countries of the last century, where the border was closed, it was an insurmountable wall and no one entered or anyone left without permission. But today, countries called socialists cannot imprison their population, which leaves massively, such as Venezuelans and even in the island of Cuba.
Trump’s immigration policy must be qualified as dictatorial, in fact, it is a policy that is imposed by decree and does not pass through Congress; It is a policy that does not respect established rules, procedures or due process. Nor respect human rights
Worst of all is that a worldwide precedent has sat down: the migration policy of the bolt is feasible and successful.
