He Ministry of Culturethrough the Execution Unit 010announced a discovery that marks a milestone for Andean archaeoastronomy. Recent research in the Chankillo Archaeoastronomical Complexlocated in the province of Casma (Áncash), confirmed the existence of a architectural structure prior to the Chankillo Solar Observatorybuilt around 250 BC. C. and recognized as World Heritage by UNESCO.
This discovery redefines the origins of astronomy in the Andes and significantly expands the chronology associated with architectural planning oriented to the movements of the sun. According to researchers, it would be one of the earliest records in America of construction designed for the observation of astronomical phenomena.
A structure with solar orientation prior to the observatory
The Chankillo Execution Unit plans to conclude the excavations and obtain the radiocarbon dates that will allow us to determine exactly the age of this structure. However, his solar orientationthe stratigraphy documented and construction materials The findings indicate that it is a building with an astronomical function prior to the historic observatory, considered the oldest in the Western Hemisphere.
They find a corridor aligned with the lunar cycle
The investigations also identified a corridor intentionally aligned with the lunar cyclewhich shows that both solar and lunar observations were carried out at the complex. This reveals a more diverse and advanced level of astronomical knowledge than had been recorded until now.
Ceremonial vessel evidences elites with astronomical and military power
Another notable finding is a large Patazca style ceremonial vesselapproximately one meter high, decorated with figures of warriors modeled in clay in a combat position. Its location in an exclusive access area to the observatory suggests the presence of elites who combined astronomical knowledge with military leadershipreinforcing the ritual and political function of the Fortified Temple.
Casma consolidates itself as a global ancestral astronomical center
These discoveries consolidate Casma as one of the most important ancestral astronomical centers in the world. The Ministry of Culture continues with the restoration and enhancement work of the Thirteen Towers and of Solar Observatorywith the aim of opening this sector to the public soon.
Chankillo, declared World Heritage in 2021continues to reveal key information about one of the oldest and most sophisticated scientific traditions of pre-Hispanic Peru.
