1) Diplomatic relations
The need to establish an effective and cooperative dialogue on how to improve management on issues of common interest, such as security, trade and migration, can be complicated by ideological differences. With Kamala Harris there would be less tensions and generating the opportunity for a progressive agenda in favor of women in vulnerable situations. With a Trump government there would be more tensions, and with the option of promoting pragmatism in favor of competitiveness and investment on the border within the framework of the 21st Century Border initiative.
The history of tensions between Mexico and the United States, especially on issues of foreign policy and sovereignty, can complicate relations. The government of President López Obrador generated some differences due to its policies in favor of self-sufficiency in the electricity sector, transgenic corn and greater control over the role of the DEA in Mexico. These policies will be maintained in the new Mexican government based on a criterion of greater equality.
2) Immigration policy
President-elect Sheinbaum must manage migration from a safer, more humane and orderly perspective and with respect for human rights, which may generate some coincidence with a Harris government.
Although recently candidate Harris highlighted the importance of greater immigration control and drug trafficking from Mexico.
Something similar to candidate Trump’s proposals, although he promotes mass deportation. Mexican immigration containment can be a negotiation strategy with the next US government.
3) Treaty between Mexico, the United States and Canada (T-MEC)
It is necessary to guarantee that economic policies are aligned with the objectives of the T-MEC while promoting internal policies that benefit the most vulnerable sectors. The judicial reform is not considered to substantially affect investments and competitiveness and growth processes. The 30 years of bilateral trade integration reflect the importance of the growth of bilateral and global trade.
Attracting US investment while promoting sustainable and fair economic development represents another challenge, especially for Mexico.
4) Climate change
President Sheinbaum, with a focus on sustainability, must work collaboratively with the United States to manage climate change, despite potential differences in environmental policy. Kamala Harris’s refusal to endorse the USMCA due to the Mexican environmental deficit is an opportunity to promote a more inclusive and sustainable bilateral agenda. Furthermore, promoting the transition to clean energy in Mexico and coordinating efforts with the US government can be a challenge, considering the different energy policies of both countries.
5) Security and organized crime
The fight against organized crime and violence is a critical issue. Collaboration between both governments on security must be balanced with greater commitment by the United States government to reducing the high consumption of synthetic drugs in American society. The arrest of important Mexican bosses is an important achievement, but it does not guarantee the reduction of bilateral and transnational criminal dynamics. Better management of drug supply and demand is required within the framework of the Bicentennial Agreement.
The management of arms trafficking from the United States to Mexico is a persistent problem that requires attention and cooperation. With which the national argument will be maintained in the sense that arms trafficking encourages violence in Mexico. And that the US government must further strengthen its control policy.
