1. Reform of the Judiciary
Type: Constitutional
Approved: September 11
This was the main reform promoted by former President López Obrador in February 2024. It establishes that judges, magistrates and ministers will be elected by direct vote on the first Sunday of June of this year and for which, the current ones will be dismissed from office. charge with the ‘right’ to fight for him in the elections.
The lives of the first 861 judges were sealed on the afternoon of October 12 with a raffle, where the Styrofoam balls that came out corresponded to each judge, and while judges and workers of the Judicial Branch were on strike and demonstrated in the streets .
(Photo: Congress Channel.)
Criticism of the change is that it does not improve the justice system for the people, it removes the balance of the three powers and does not guarantee that the best profiles reach the administration of justice.
“The Judicial Branch of the Federation, which had become a balancer of our political system, we see today facing a scenario of uncertainty. It is not a reform to improve the Judiciary, but to subordinate it,” says Juan Manuel Ureiro, Integralia consultant.
2. Indigenous peoples
Type: Constitutional
Approved: September 24
The unanimous vote of the legislators endorsed a reform to recognize indigenous and Afro-Mexican peoples and communities as subjects of public law, with legal personality and their own assets. It maintains that “indigenous jurisdiction will be exercised by community authorities in accordance with the regulatory systems of indigenous peoples and communities, within the framework of the current legal order.”
3. National Guard
Type: Constitutional
Approved: September 24
In the last week of López Obrador’s government, Morena and allies endorsed the reform that finally integrated the more than 130,000 members of the National Guard into the Army. Due to a last-minute transition, the members of the Navy Secretariat were left out.
The reform, which at the beginning of the previous six-year term was unanimously endorsed, was not accompanied by the opposition after accusing a deepening of militarization in the country.
4. Minimum wage
Type: Constitutional
Approved: October 9
The increase in the minimum wage will not be below inflation, after the approval of the reform to improve the working conditions of workers through decent wages. Morena has exalted the fact that basic level teachers, doctors and health workers, police, national guards and members of the armed forces cannot have a salary lower than the average salary registered with the IMSS.
“There were reforms that, in labor terms, imply good news, such as the minimum wage. “This allows us to have a positive outlook in terms of labor rights,” says Georgina de la Fuente, political analyst.
5. Secondary laws to Judicial Reform
Type: legal reform
Approved: October 14
In one week, Morena approved and published the first package of secondary laws of the Judicial Reform. These establish the rules for the election of judges, magistrates and ministers. Modifications were made to electoral laws and the powers of the president advisor of the National Electoral Institute were expanded to designate the executive directors who were previously subject to voting in the general council of the INE.
