The so-called official inflation increased by 0.33% in December, 0.15 percentage points (pp) above the 0.18% increase recorded in November. The result caused the Broad National Consumer Price Index (IPCA) to accumulate an increase of 4.26% in 2025. 
With the result, the IPCA ends the year within the government’s target, of up to 4.5% in the 12-month period.
The data was released this Friday (9) by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE).
According to IBGE, with the exception of the Housing group, which registered a drop of 0.33%, the other groups of products and services surveyed increased in December.
The biggest change (0.74%) and the biggest impact (0.15 pp) came from Transport, followed, in terms of impact, by Health and personal care, with an increase of 0.52% and 0.07 pp
The group Household articles (0.64%) had the second biggest change in December, after the 1% decrease recorded in November.
“In the Transport group (0.74%), the result was influenced by the increase in the prices of transport via app (13.79%) and airline tickets (12.61%), the items with the greatest individual impact on the month’s result (0.08 pp). Fuels, after falling 0.32% in November, increased 0.45%, with the following variations: ethanol (2.83%), vehicle gas (0.22%), gasoline (0.18%) and diesel oil (-0.27%)”, states the IBGE.
Also according to the institute, in Household articles, the increase of 0.64% reflects the variations in TV, sound and IT (1.97%) and in Electronic devices (0.81%), which, in the previous month, had fallen by 2.28% and 2.37%, respectively.
In the Health and personal care group (0.52%), the highlights are the Health plan (0.49%) and Personal hygiene items (0.52%).
“The Food and beverages group registered an increase of 0.27% in December. Food at home interrupted the sequence of six consecutive months of decline and rose 0.14%, influenced by the increases in onions (12.01%); potatoes (7.65%); meats (1.48%), with emphasis on ribeye (2.39%), rump steak (1.99%) and ribs (1.89%) and fruits (1.26%), especially papaya (7.85%) and silver bananas (4.32%). On the decline side, the highlights are long-life milk (-6.42%), tomatoes (-3.95%) and rice (-2.04%)”, points out the IBGE.
Food away from home (0.60%) accelerated in relation to the previous month (0.46%), with an increase of 1.50% in snacks and 0.23% in meals.
“The only group with a negative change in December, Housing went from an increase of 0.52% in November to -0.33% in December, under the influence of the 2.41% drop in residential electricity, a sub-item with the greatest negative impact on the index (-0.10 pp). This result was motivated by the validity, in December, of the yellow tariff flag, with an additional charge of R$ 1.885 for every 100 kWh consumed. In November, it was the red tariff flag level 1 was in force, which added R$4.46 for the same level of consumption. There was an adjustment of 21.95% in one of the concessionaires in Porto Alegre (3.90%) in force since November 22nd and 10.48% in Rio Branco (3.80%), as of December 13th”, adds the institute.
The IPCA calculates the cost of living for families with income between one and 40 minimum wages. In total, prices of 377 sub-items (products and services) are collected.
Price collection is carried out in ten metropolitan regions – Belém, Fortaleza, Recife, Salvador, Belo Horizonte, Vitória, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Curitiba, Porto Alegre – in addition to Brasília and in the capitals Goiânia, Campo Grande, Rio Branco, São Luís and Aracaju.
INPC
The accumulated increase in the National Consumer Price Index (INPC) in 2025 was 3.90%, 0.87 pp below the 4.77% recorded in 2024, with food products registering an increase of 2.63%, while non-food products increased by 4.32%. In 2024, the variations were, respectively, 7.60% and 3.88%.
The INPC has been calculated by IBGE since 1979, refers to families with an income of 1 to 5 minimum wages, with the head being a salaried employee, and covers ten metropolitan regions of the country, in addition to the municipalities of Goiânia, Campo Grande, Rio Branco, São Luís, Aracaju and Brasília.
Expanded article at 9:31 am
