Ten states and the Federal District reached, in the third quarter of the year, the lowest unemployment rate recorded since 2012, when the historical series of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) began.
The record low unemployment level was reached by Bahia, Ceará, Federal District, Espírito Santos, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Paraíba, Rio Grande do Norte, Rio Grande do Sul, Sergipe and Tocantins.
The data is part of the Continuous Quarterly National Household Sample Survey (Pnad), released this Friday (14), in Rio de Janeiro, by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE).
The eleven federation units (UF) are in the same status as Brazil as a whole, which ended the third quarter with the lowest unemployment ever recorded in the historical series – 5.6% – as released by IBGE at the end of October.
Although the state of Santa Catarina is not on the list with the lowest unemployment rate ever recorded, the state appears, alongside Mato Grosso, as having the lowest unemployment rate in the country: 2.3%.
This level represents an increase compared to the second quarter (2.2%). IBGE classifies this variation as “stability”.
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The search
Pnad investigates behavior in the labor market for people aged 14 or over and takes into account all forms of occupation, whether with or without a formal contract, temporary and self-employed, for example.
According to the institute’s criteria, only a person who actually looked for a vacancy 30 days before the search is considered unemployed. 211 thousand homes are visited in all states and the Federal District.
Read here: number of those looking for a job for more than two years falls by 17.8%, says IBGE.
Check the vacancy rates for all UFs
Santa Catarina: 2.3%
Mato Grosso: 2.3%
Rondônia: 2.6%
Espírito Santo: 2.6%
Mato Grosso do Sul: 2.9%
Paraná: 3.5%
Tocantins: 3.8%
Minas Gerais: 4.1%
Rio Grande do Sul: 4.1%
Goiás: 4.3%
Roraima: 4.7%
São Paulo: 5.2%
Brazil: 5.6%
Maranhão: 6.1%
Ceará: 6.4%
Pará: 6.5%
Paraíba: 7.0%
Acre: 7.4%
Piauí: 7.5%
Rio Grande do Norte: 7.5%
Rio de Janeiro: 7.5%
Amazon: 7.6%
Alagoas: 7.7%
Sergipe: 7.7%
Federal District: 8.0%
Bahia: 8.5%
Amapá: 8.7%
Pernambuco: 10%
Economic structure
When commenting on the scenario of states with lower unemployment rates, research analyst William Kratochwill pointed out that these states have historically lower levels.
“The economic structure of these regions is the main explanation for having such low numbers, because each one has a different characteristic”, he says.
“Santa Catarina, for example, is the federation unit that has the highest percentage of people hired in the industry, he added.
To explain why states in the Northeast have higher unemployment rates, the IBGE analyst recalled that the region is “known to be less economically developed”, in addition to low education.
“This may be an obstacle for it to develop more economically, since there is a lack of qualified labor for the economy to grow,” he said.
Signed portfolio
The survey shows that eight units of the federation have a percentage of employees with a formal contract in the private sector higher than the Brazilian average (74.4%):
Santa Catarina: 88.0%
São Paulo: 82.8%
Rio Grande do Sul: 82.0%
Mato Grosso do Sul: 80.8%
Paraná: 80.7%
Mato Grosso: 78.9%
Rio de Janeiro: 76.7%
Federal District: 76.3%
Seven states do not reach 60% of employees with a formal contract:
Maranhão: 51.9%
Piauí: 52.4%
Paraíba: 55.3%
Pará: 56.8%
Acre: 58.1%
Ceará: 58.9%
Bahia: 59.3%
