After eight months of having approved the legislative act endorsed the reform of the general system
Of shares, so that 39.5% of the current income of the nation reach the regions progressively, Portafolio knew the draft of the bill that is being socialized to be filed before the Congress of the Republic.
The document, which He has 176 pages, points out that for the 12 -year transition phase that was determinedit will start from an initial base that will be calculated with the income that the Nation has in 2026, for which an equal number of increases in the percentage will be made, until it was established in the legislative act 03 of 2024.
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Within the most prominent points, The draft of the bill reiterates the need to balance the pressure of the regions for more resources with the limited fiscal capacity of the nationwhile establishing a categorization of departments, districts and municipalities, aimed at recognizing their capabilities.
Thus, for the districts and municipalities the document establishes the categories of Capital District, large cities, Group 1, Group 2, Group 3, Group 4 and Group 5, while the departments will be classified into three categories.
“The methodology must include the conditions for the mandatory update of the categorization of this article, which must be reviewed at least every three (3) years,” says one of the sections of the document, which explains that The administrative act of this methodology must be socialized, before its expedition, by the National Planning Department (DNP).
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Another relevant aspect is that the SGP resource will not be delivered evenly, since the bill proposes a differentiated system of participationsin such a way that, for example, the municipalities will receive a general purpose participation, with autonomy of destination, seeking to give them freedom to address decentralized functions and priority projects in each territory.
In turn, for the departments it is proposed that they will access an economic development participation, aimed at Financing regional, supramunicipal projects and to close intradeptational economic gaps.
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For its part, Indigenous territories will have a direct allocationcalculated with population criteria, geographical dispersion and cultural relevance. In addition, they will enjoy autonomy to plan and execute their resources, respecting their knowledge systems and life plans.
“This differentiation responds to the commitment to asymmetric decentralizationin which it is recognized that not all territories have the same capabilities or face the same challenges, ”the document stands out.
Institutionality
A pillar of the SGP organization bill will be the creation of the Special Income and Transfers Fund, for which it is defined that citizens and Territorial entities consult in real time the movements of resources, their savings and disappointments, as well as financial returns, with a surveillance model by the Comptroller General of the Republic.
“The Comptroller General of the Republic will exercise fiscal control over the resources of the FEIT-SGP,” explains article 110 of the draft law.
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“The Comptroller General of the Republic, within the framework of its powers and functionswill require territorial entities the necessary information that allows to accurately identify the collection and use of the resources that are administered through the funds involved in this article, ”says a paragraph of article 120 of the project, related to health funds.
Likewise, the bill creates the system of territorial autonomy and decentralization, as an articulation mechanism. In this sense, It is explained that at the national level ministries such as the Treasury, Health, Education and Housing, in addition to the National Planning Department and the administrative department of the public service. Meanwhile, at the territorial level, planning authorities and indigenous governments will participate.
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The articulate explains that this system will ensure that the transfer of resources is accompanied by technical assistance, financial accompaniment and intergovernmental coordination, preventing the weakest municipalities from being lagging behind.
On the destination of resources, the project defines that the SGP will continue to finance the social sectors that concentrate most of territorial spending. Thus, for education the objective is the expansion of coverage and improvement in quality, in health the continuity of the provision of services and closure of access gaps, and in drinking water and basic sanitation universal access and sustainable services.
Ómar G. Ahumada Rojas
Portfolio General Editor
Leidy Julieth Ruiz Clavijo
Portfolio journalist
