The 2022 National Secondary Education Examination (Enem) began to be applied last Sunday (13) and continues on the next, the 20th. It is the biggest exam for access to higher education in the country. Grades can be used to apply for vacancies in public institutions and scholarships for teaching and funding in private institutions. In addition, the Enem is also used in selection for foreign universities.
One of the main federal programs that use the Enem score is the Unified Selection System (Sisu), which directs students to vacancies in federal universities and other public institutions of higher education. To compete, candidates must not have scored zero on the writing test. Sisu generally has two editions per year. The first of these occurs in the first months of the year following the application of the Enem.
The University for All Program (ProUni), in turn, selects students for scholarships at private higher education institutions. Scholarships can be full, 100% of tuition, or partial, 50%. It is also necessary not to have zeroed the writing of the Enem and to have obtained at least 450 points in the average of the marks of the tests.
To compete for full ProUni scholarships, students must prove a gross monthly family income per person of up to 1.5 times the minimum wage. For partial scholarships, the gross monthly family income must be up to three minimum wages per person.
The program is also aimed at teachers in the public school system, exclusively for teaching and pedagogy courses, aimed at training teachers in basic education. In these cases, to obtain the scholarship, the income limit required of other candidates is not applied. Like Sisu, ProUni has two editions per year. Students who took the Enem 2022 will be able to apply for ProUni 2023 scholarships. ProUni usually takes place after Sisu.
The Enem score can also be used to obtain credit from the Student Financing Fund (Fies), which offers resources at more attractive conditions than those available on the market.
In addition to the selection processes conducted by the federal government, public and private educational institutions are free to use grades in their own processes. Candidates can check at the institutions where they are interested in studying which criteria are adopted.
Students who took the Enem can also apply for vacancies in foreign educational institutions. Currently, the National Institute of Educational Studies and Research Anísio Teixeira (Inep) has agreements with 51 educational institutions in Portugal. Each institution defines the rules and weights for using grades. THE list of institutions it is available on the Inep portal.
“Anti-kick” fix
Enem uses a correction system called Item Response Theory (TRI), known as the anti-kick method. Even with the feedback, it is not possible to know the final score of the exam. In the objective test of Enem, the grade is not calculated taking into account only the number of correct questions, but also the coherence of the participant’s answers to the set of questions that make up the test.
Understanding how the correction of the test is done is a way to guarantee better results. The TRI estimates the difficulty of the questions and assesses the participants’ knowledge. Thus, students with the same number of correct answers in the test may have different grades.
When correcting, TRI takes into account the coherence of the test, that is, it is expected that a student who gets very difficult questions right will also get the very easy ones right. If this does not happen, the system may understand that he guessed correctly and, therefore, he will score less on this question than candidates who have maintained a certain expected consistency. The recommendation of professors is, therefore, that students guarantee the easy and medium questions of the tests before dedicating more time to the difficult ones, to ensure consistency.
Another feature of TRI is that it does not have a default lower or upper limit between knowledge areas. This means that the proficiencies of the participants do not vary between zero and one thousand. The maximum and minimum values for each test will depend on the characteristics of the selected items. In the Enem, only the writing test has a maximum value of 1,000, since the correction process is different.
Last year, Inep published a guide to explain to participants how is the grade calculated?? Enem questions are chosen from the National Bank of Items (BNI), a collection frequently stocked with new questions. Each is tested in advance with a group of students and ranked according to difficulty. Because of this, it is possible to compose several Enem tests, with different themes, but with the same level of difficulty.
Enem 2022
On the first day of the test, participants asked questions about language, human sciences and writing. On the second day, they will take math and natural science tests. The test locations are available on the Registration Confirmation Card, at Participant’s Page??
Those who are preparing for the Enem can access all the tests and templates from previous editions at site from INEP?? To test their knowledge, students can access the free Enem Questionsa bank prepared by Brazil Communications Company ??EBC), which brings together test questions from previous years. In the system, it is possible to choose the areas of knowledge that one wants to study. The bank selects questions at random.
